Appendix-E

Fundamental Constants of Physics

Speed of light	c	\(2.998 \times 10^8 ~ m/s\)
Gravitational constant	G	\(6.673 \times 10^{–11}~ N-m^2/kg^2\)
Avogadro constant	\(N_A\)	\(6.022 \times 10^{23}~ mol^{–1}\)
Universal gas constant	R	\(8.314~ J/mol.K\)
Mass–energy relation	\(c^2\)	\(8.988 \times 10^{16} J/kg\); \(931.49~ MeV/u\)
Permittivity constant	\(\varepsilon_0\)	\(8.854 \times 10^{–12} F/m\)
Permeability constant	\(\mu_0\)	\(1.257 \times 10^{–6}~ H/m\)
Planck constant	h	\(6.626 \times 10^{–34} J.s\);\(4.136 \times 10^{–15} eV.s\)
Boltzmann constant	k	\(1.381 \times 10^{–23} J/K\);\(8.617 \times 10^{–5} eV/K\)
Elementary charge	\(e\)	\(1.602 \times 10^{–19} C\)
Electron mass	\(m_e\)	\(9.109 \times 10^{–31} kg\)
Proton mass	\(m_p\)	\(1.673 \times 10^{–27} kg\)
Neutron mass	\(m_n\)	\(1.675 \times 10^{–27} kg\)
Deuteron mass	\(m_d\)	\(3.344 \times 10^{–27} kg\)
Bohr radius	a	\(5.292 \times 10^{–11} m\)
Bohr magneton	\(\mu_B\)	\(9.274 \times 10^{–24} J/T\);\(5.788 \times 10^{–5} eV/T\)
Rydberg constant	R	\(1.097373 \times 107 m–1\)